What's the matter with thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia will appear on the physical examination report of many people. So what is going on? It is well known that platelets are an important component of human blood. If the platelet content in human blood is lower than a certain number, it means that the person may have certain blood diseases, such as thrombocytopenia. This is a disease that can be divided into acquired, hereditary, and thrombocytopenia. So what is going on?

reason:

1. Death due to decreased or ineffective platelet production: both hereditary and acquired. Acquired thrombocytopenia is caused by certain factors such as drugs, malignant tumors, infection, ionizing radiation, etc. that damage hematopoietic stem cells or affect their proliferation in the bone marrow. These factors can affect multiple hematopoietic cell systems, often accompanied by varying degrees of anemia, leukopenia, and a significant decrease in bone marrow megakaryocytes.

2. Excessive platelet destruction: both congenital and acquired. Acquired platelet destruction includes immune and non-immune causes. Common immune causes of excessive platelet destruction include idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and drug-induced thrombocytopenia. Excessive destruction of non-immune thrombocytopenia includes infection, disseminated intravascular coagulation, thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura, etc.

3. Excessive retention of platelets in the spleen: most commonly seen in hypersplenism. Splenectomy is one of the treatments for thrombocytopenia.

Treatment of thrombocytopenia

1. Psychological treatment:

Some patients with thrombocytopenia will become very depressed and anxious when they learn that their condition requires long-term treatment and recuperation. However, this negative emotion will seriously affect the patient's recovery from the disease, so in order to help patients cure the disease faster, it is necessary to keep a happy mood.

2. General treatment:

Acute patients mainly experience heavy bleeding within 1 to 2 weeks of onset. Therefore, in the early stage of the disease, they should reduce activities and avoid trauma, especially head trauma. Severe patients should rest in bed, and actively prevent and control infection. Give adequate fluids and easily digestible food to avoid damage to the luminal mucosa.

3. Transfusion of fresh blood or platelets:

Treatment for thrombocytopenia should be chosen with caution and is only used as an emergency treatment for severe bleeding. Because of the presence of antiplatelet antibodies in the blood of thrombocytopenic patients, the transfused platelets can be quickly destroyed and have a short lifespan. Therefore, blood or platelet transfusions cannot effectively increase the platelet count.