How to treat nasopharyngeal carcinoma

With the progress of the times and the improvement of living standards, the number of nasopharyngeal cancer patients is increasing, which has puzzled many people for a long time. So how to treat nasopharyngeal cancer? This is what most nasopharyngeal cancer patients want to know. Next, we will mainly introduce several treatment methods for nasopharyngeal cancer.

1. Radiation therapy

Radiotherapy has always been the preferred method for treating nasopharyngeal carcinoma. The reason is that most nasopharyngeal carcinomas are poorly differentiated cancers with high sensitivity to radiation, and the primary lesions and cervical lymph drainage areas are easily included in the irradiation field. Since the 1940s, my country has carried out deep X-ray radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Since the 1950s and 1960s, 60Co external beam radiotherapy has been carried out, and the combined large-field irradiation of the nasopharynx and neck has been changed to small-field irradiation, which reduces radiotherapy reactions and improves survival rates. Currently, the most effective and most certain method is to use a 60Co teletherapy machine. However, please note the indications and contraindications of radiotherapy: patients with moderate or above general condition, no obvious bone destruction at the skull base, no or only mild or moderate infiltration near the nasopharynx shown on CT or MRI, cervical lymph nodes with a maximum diameter of less than 8 cm, active, and not yet reaching the supraclavicular fossa, no distant organ metastasis, KS grade of more than 60 points, severe headache, moderate or above nasopharyngeal bleeding, single distant metastasis or cervical lymph node metastasis greater than 10 cm, can be changed to radical radiotherapy if the general condition improves after palliative radiation, symptoms disappear, and distant metastasis can be controlled. Patients with KS grade of less than 60 points, extensive distant metastasis, combined with acute infection, and radiation-induced brain and spinal cord injury.

2. Surgical treatment

Surgical treatment mainly involves resection of the primary lesion of NPC. Indications: highly differentiated NPC, such as adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma grade I and II, and early cases of malignant mixed tumors. Patients with local recurrence of the nasopharynx after radiotherapy, with lesions limited to the posterior or anterior wall of the top, or only involving the edge of the pharyngeal recess, without infiltration of other parts, without difficulty opening the mouth, and in good physical condition. Patients who have received a radical dose of radiotherapy, have not yet disappeared the primary lesion of the nasopharynx, or have developed radiation resistance, can undergo surgical resection after a month of rest. Contraindications: Patients with skull base bone destruction or paranasopharyngeal infiltration, cranial nerve damage or distant metastasis. Patients with poor liver and kidney function and poor general condition.

3. Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy mainly refers to chemotherapy. Generally speaking, the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is mainly based on radiotherapy, and residual lesions can be surgically removed.

The above is an introduction to the treatment methods of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. It is for reference only. Patients should cooperate with doctors to carefully choose the treatment method that suits them. Do not delay the disease. The earlier the treatment, the better. If you still have questions, please consult a relevant doctor.

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