What are the surgical treatments for ovarian cancer?

Ovarian malignant tumors can be treated with surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. However, due to the complexity of its pathological types, qualitative, localized diagnosis and staging are difficult to determine without laparoscopy or laparotomy. Therefore, except for cases where surgery is not possible or the type of tumor is roughly understood but the patient's general condition is not suitable for surgery, surgery is generally the first choice. Surgical exploration can further clarify the type of tumor and its scope of involvement, and clarify the staging, which can not only provide a basis for postoperative chemotherapy and radiotherapy, but also remove the tumor as much as possible during the operation, which can also create conditions for postoperative chemotherapy or radiotherapy and improve the efficacy.

Surgical treatment: Surgery is the most important means of treating ovarian malignant tumors. Unless it is clinically estimated that the tumor cannot be removed or there are contraindications to surgery, surgery should be performed first.

1 Comprehensive: Laparotomy to determine the stage: Applicable to patients with ovarian cancer diagnosed as stage I before surgery. Including total hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy, omentectomy, pelvic and para-aortic lymph node dissection, and peritoneal cytology (ascites or pelvic and peritoneal washings).

2. Tumor cytoreductive surgery: Applicable to cases above stage II.

3 Secondary exploratory surgery: within 1 year after successful tumor cell reduction surgery, at least 6 courses of chemotherapy were implemented, and clinical examinations and auxiliary examinations (including tumor markers such as CA125) were normal, and laparotomy was performed again.

Surgical methods are divided into radical surgery and conservative surgery that preserves fertility. The scope of radical surgery includes bilateral adnexa, uterus, omentum, appendectomy and pelvic and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection. For patients with extensive tumor implantation and metastasis in the pelvis, it is recommended to perform tumor cell reduction surgery as much as possible. Williams et al. reported that the complete remission rate of postoperative chemotherapy for patients with clean surgical resection was 83%, the complete remission rate of patients with basically clean resection (residual tumor diameter <2cm) was 59%, and the complete remission rate of postoperative chemotherapy for patients with partial resection (residual tumor diameter >2cm) was 42%. Therefore, although malignant germ cell tumors are sensitive to combined chemotherapy, removing the tumor as cleanly as possible during surgery is still the key to successful treatment.

The above is an introduction to "What are the surgical treatments for ovarian cancer?" For people who are related to the pathogenic factors of ovarian cancer, it is recommended to take preventive measures against ovarian cancer. If you have other questions about ovarian cancer, please consult our experts online or call for consultation.

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