Analysis of the main surgical methods for localized renal cancer

Surgery is currently the preferred method for treating localized renal cancer in clinical practice. It can effectively control the progression of localized renal cancer and prolong the patient's survival. What are the common surgical methods for treating localized renal cancer ? Here are some common surgical methods for treating localized renal cancer.

In general, common surgical treatments for localized renal cancer include:

1. Nephron sparing surgery (NSS): The range of renal parenchyma resection in NSS should be 0.5~1.0cm away from the edge of the tumor. The EAU's "Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma" believes that as long as the tumor can be completely removed, the thickness of the edge does not affect the tumor recurrence rate. For cases where the resection margin is surrounded by complete normal renal tissue by naked eye observation, routine frozen pathological examination of the resection margin tissue is not necessary during the operation. NSS can be performed through open surgery or laparoscopic surgery. The local recurrence rate after nephron sparing surgery is 0~10%, while the local recurrence rate after surgery for tumors ≤4cm is 0~3%. The mortality rate of NSS is 2%. This is one of the common surgical treatments for localized renal cancer.

2. Radical nephrectomy (RN): It is a method that is recognized as a possible complete treatment for localized renal cancer. In recent years, the concept of using classic radical nephrectomy to treat localized renal cancer has changed, especially in the changes in the scope of surgical resection (such as selecting appropriate cases for radical nephrectomy with ipsilateral adrenal gland preservation and nephron-preserving surgery). A consensus has been reached, and the treatment method is no longer a single open surgery. It can be performed through open surgery or laparoscopic surgery. The mortality rate of radical nephrectomy is about 2%, and the local recurrence rate is 1%~2%. Routine renal artery embolization before radical nephrectomy is not recommended.

The above analysis is about the common surgical treatment methods for localized renal cancer. I believe everyone has a certain understanding of this. These surgical treatment methods for localized renal cancer can be selected individually or in combination, which are beneficial to patients with localized renal cancer.