X-ray manifestations of osteosarcoma

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignant bone cancer, which is prone to occur in the metaphysis of long bones, especially the lower end of the femur and the upper end of the tibia. Osteosarcoma is divided into three types: sclerotic, osteolytic and mixed according to the amount of tumorous bone tissue and X-ray manifestations.

1. X-ray manifestations of sclerotic osteosarcoma

Periosteal changes: manifested as a typical triangular periosteal reaction. When the periosteum is stimulated, it first produces a parallel periosteal reaction, and then the middle part is penetrated by the tumor and enters the surrounding soft tissue, leaving residual periosteal reactions on both sides. Bone changes: Due to the good differentiation of the tumor osteoblastic tissue, the density of the tumor area is significantly increased, and it is difficult to distinguish between normal bone tissue and tumor structure, and the edges are unclear. Soft tissue masses: Clearly demarcated circular tissue masses and fuzzy-demarcated diffuse soft tissue swelling shadows can be seen, and occasionally needle-like tumor bones and cotton-like large bone shadows can be seen.

2. X-ray manifestations of osteolytic osteosarcoma

Osteolytic osteosarcoma is mainly characterized by osteolytic destruction, with abundant blood vessels in the tumor area and little tumor bone tissue and osteoid tissue. X-rays show large areas of osteolytic bone destruction with blurred boundaries and possible inconspicuous triangular periosteal reactions. When the tumor invades tissue, no tumor bone is formed in the soft tissue.

3. X-ray manifestations of mixed osteosarcoma

The X-ray manifestations of mixed osteosarcoma are between the above two types, and may show varying degrees of periosteal reaction and bone changes.