Skin cancer - malignant melanoma

Malignant melanoma is also called melanoma, which is a highly malignant skin cancer originated from melanocytes. It often occurs in the skin, and can also occur at the junction of the skin and mucous membrane, the choroid of the eye, and the pia mater.

The onset of malignant melanoma may be related to the following factors: ① Genetic factors: malignant melanoma has an obvious family history. Patients with family melanoma account for 8% to 12% of all patients. The age of first onset in patients with a family history is earlier than that in sporadic patients, but the skin lesions of patients with a family history are generally flatter and the prognosis is better; ② Long-term sunlight exposure is closely related to the occurrence of the disease. Malignant melanoma is concentrated in intermittently exposed areas and is scattered in areas that are continuously protected from light; ③ Gene linkage studies have found that the occurrence of some melanomas is related to the deletion of the gene P16 located on 9p, and the cell cycle-dependent kinase blocker p161NK4a may be a tumor suppressor gene; ④ Some patients evolve from malignant lentigo, dysplastic nevus cell nevus, congenital nevus cell nevus, etc.; ⑤ Other factors: trauma, incomplete burning stimulation, viral infection, endocrine disorders, low immune function, etc. may also be related to the occurrence and development of this disease.