Early detection and treatment of HPV infection is the prevention of cervical cancer

At present, it has been clinically confirmed that HPV infection is a necessary condition for the occurrence of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. Persistent infection with high-risk HPV is the main factor for the occurrence of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions. Multiple HPV infections and HPV viral load are closely related to the degree and development of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions.

Among the benign precancerous lesions of the cervix, genital warts have the highest incidence rate. Genital warts are the second most common sexually transmitted disease in my country, mainly caused by low-risk HPV infection, of which genital warts caused by HPV-6 and -11 infection account for 90% of the total.

Among the malignant lesions after HPV infection, the highest incidence of cervical cancer is in women. Globally, cervical cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women, caused by high-risk HPV infection. More than 54% of severe dysplasia and cervical cancer are caused by HPV-16, and 10% to 15% are caused by HPV-18. At the same time, HPV-16 and -18 are also important causes of vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer, anal cancer and penile cancer.

If the same high-risk HPV-DNA is detected twice in a row with an interval of more than one year, it is considered a persistent infection. Only chronic persistent high-risk HPV infection can eventually develop into cervical cancer. Susceptibility factors for chronic persistent infection include immunosuppression, chronic inflammation and certain HLA genotypes, such as HIV-infected people or organ transplant patients, combined with other infections such as HSV-2, cytomegalovirus, Chlamydia trachomatis, etc.