Treatment methods and surgical principles for colorectal cancer
| Currently, the commonly used treatment methods for colorectal cancer are chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and surgery. Among them, surgical resection is still the main treatment method. In principle, as long as it can be removed, radical resection of the cancer should be performed as soon as possible. If there are contraindications and radical resection cannot be performed, palliative resection is also best. For patients with complete intestinal obstruction caused by advanced cancer, and the cancer cannot be removed, enterostomy is generally performed on the proximal side of the obstruction in order to relieve the pathological state of intestinal obstruction, restore intestinal patency, relieve patient symptoms, enable patients to resume eating, and maintain body nutrition. Radical surgery should be performed as long as the patient's condition permits, and patients in Dukes A, B, and C stages should undergo thorough radical surgery. The basic principle is to remove the primary lesion, the intestinal loop where the cancer is located, the mesentery and regional lymph nodes, all the adjacent organs that have been invaded, and the surrounding tissues that may be infiltrated at least 5 to 10 cm away from the tumor, and to preserve the function as much as possible, especially the anal function, under the premise of radical cure of the cancer. The radical cure method varies depending on the location of the cancer. |
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