Effect of colorectal cancer vaccine treatment

For the treatment of colorectal cancer, the first thing to do is to clarify the characteristics of the patient's condition and determine a personalized treatment plan based on the patient's condition. However, at present, surgical resection is generally the main treatment, supplemented by other treatment methods. In other words, the most common way to treat colorectal cancer is to combine surgery with other treatment methods. The following is an introduction to the treatment measures for colorectal cancer:

1. Radiotherapy for colorectal cancer

1. Preoperative radiotherapy for rectal cancer It is generally believed that preoperative radiotherapy can increase the survival rate by 10%-15% and reduce the local recurrence rate by 10%-15%. Preoperative radiotherapy can prevent the spread of cancer cells during surgery, reduce local and pelvic implantation, reduce the tumor, expand the indications for surgery, loosen cancerous adhesions, and increase the surgical resection rate.

2. Intraoperative radiotherapy can further kill residual tumor cells after surgery, reduce local recurrence rate, improve survival rate and reduce radiation damage to normal tissues.

3. Intraoperative catheter implantation and postoperative radiotherapy: The source device is implanted during the operation. 2-3 days after the operation, after the vital signs are stable, continuous treatment is adopted and 30-40Gy radiotherapy is given to the lesion within 3-5 days.

4. Postoperative radiotherapy Postoperative radiotherapy is an auxiliary radiotherapy and a very important supplementary treatment for surgical treatment.

5. Intracavitary radiotherapy for rectal cancer has the characteristics of high local dose and low peripheral dose. It can effectively control and eliminate local lesions and is an effective supplementary treatment for external radiotherapy.

6. Radical external irradiation Radical radiotherapy alone is mainly suitable for a small number of patients with early stage tumors and those with particularly sensitive cell types. It can also be used for cases with small and active tumors, but with contraindications for surgery due to serious cardiovascular diseases. Multi-field anterior and posterior irradiation is used, with a total irradiation dose of 50Gy/5-6 weeks.

7. Palliative radiotherapy For patients who cannot tolerate surgery due to poor general condition, radiotherapy can be used as a palliative treatment to alleviate symptoms and even prolong survival. The radiotherapy technique is the same as preoperative radiotherapy.

2. Chemotherapy

80%-90% of colorectal cancer is differentiated adenocarcinoma, which proliferates slowly and has strong resistance to chemotherapy. The effective rate of chemotherapy is between 20% and 30%. The indications for chemotherapy are: (1) Patients who cannot undergo surgery due to tumor recurrence after surgery. (2) Patients whose tumors are large and difficult to remove surgically can first undergo chemotherapy to shrink the tumor before surgery. (3) Patients with distant metastasis who cannot undergo surgery.

3. Surgical treatment

The only radical cure for colorectal cancer is early resection of the tumor. If metastasis is found during exploration, but the diseased intestinal curve is still free, the colorectal cancer should be removed in principle to avoid intestinal obstruction in the future; on the other hand, the tumor is often eroded, bleeding or accompanied by secondary infection, and resection can improve the overall condition. For patients with extensive cancer metastasis, if the diseased intestinal segment can no longer be removed, palliative surgery such as fistula or shortcut should be performed.

(IV) Cryotherapy

Cryotherapy uses liquid nitrogen as a refrigerant. After fully exposing the tumor through an anoscope, cryotherapy uses different sizes of cryotherapy tips to contact the tumor tissue, which can effectively kill and destroy the tumor tissue. When patients in the middle and late stages cannot undergo surgery, it can be used as appropriate to reduce the patient's pain and avoid having an artificial anus. It can also achieve satisfactory results when combined with chemotherapy.

(V) Symptomatic and supportive therapy

Including analgesia and nutritional supplements.

(VI) Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine

Treatment should be based on the patient's condition. Colorectal cancer belongs to the category of "visceral toxins and blood in the stool", "intestinal fungus", "mass", "locked anus hemorrhoids", "blood in the stool", "diarrhea", "intestinal habit" in traditional Chinese medicine. It is mostly caused by worry, depression, anger, improper diet, long-term diarrhea, spleen dysfunction, poor qi movement, invasion of toxins, accumulation of dampness and heat, and depositing in the large intestine, stagnation and accumulation, and condensation into a mass. This disease is related to the dysfunction of the body's internal organs, invasion of external evils, and disharmony between Ying and Wei.

Among the treatment measures for colorectal cancer, surgical treatment and radiotherapy are more effective. Therefore, the most common comprehensive treatment measure for colorectal cancer is surgical treatment supplemented by radiotherapy. After the operation, you need to pay attention to conditioning. It should be noted that the current prognosis of colorectal cancer is not very ideal.