What are the symptoms of rectal cancer spread and metastasis?

Rectal cancer is a cancer that occurs between the junction of the sigmoid colon and rectum and the dentate line. It is the second most common malignant tumor in the digestive tract. Patients with advanced cancer (mid- to late-stage) experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, blood in the stool, thinning of the stool, and diarrhea. If the disease is not treated promptly, it will spread and metastasize. So what are the symptoms of rectal cancer spreading and metastases?

1. Symptoms caused by local tumor infiltration: When rectal cancer has extensive infiltration in the pelvic cavity, it may cause soreness and distension in the waist and sacrum; when the tumor infiltrates or compresses the sciatic nerve and obturator nerve roots, sciatic nerve and obturator neuralgia may occur; when the tumor invades the vagina and bladder mucosa forward, vaginal bleeding and hematuria may occur; when the tumor involves the ureters on both sides, urinary retention and uremia may occur
2. Symptoms caused by hematogenous spread of tumors: The rectum below 6 cm from the anus has a 7 times higher chance of vascular infiltration than the upper rectum and colon. The most common sites of hematogenous metastasis are the liver, lungs, and bones, and corresponding symptoms may appear clinically.
3. Clinical symptoms caused by implantation and dissemination: When the tumor invades the serosal surface, cancer cells may fall off and enter the free abdominal cavity, implanting in the peritoneal surface, bladder rectal fossa and other parts. Rectal digital examination can touch the nodules in this area
4. Clinical symptoms of lymphatic metastasis: Metastasis to the supraclavicular lymph nodes is a sign of late-stage tumor.