Are there any drugs that can control the signs of death in the late stage of rectal cancer?

Are there any drugs that can control the signs of death in the late stage of rectal cancer? Tumor molecular targeted therapy drugs refer to drugs developed based on the special biological characteristics of tumor cells, which can specifically inhibit tumor growth and metastasis. Targeted therapy is a new type of tumor treatment method after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy.

It is highly targeted and molecularly specific, and has the advantages of high efficiency and low toxicity. It is a new weapon and new hope for tumor treatment. Currently, there are two main targeted drugs approved by the National Medical Products Administration for marketing in China: bevacizumab and cetuximab. These two drugs also represent two types of anti-tumor molecular targeted drugs, namely anti-peripheral vascular growth factor and anti-epidermal growth factor.

Bevacizumab belongs to the class of anti-angiogenic drugs. It is a humanized monoclonal antibody against vascular endothelial growth factor. It does not act directly on tumor cells, but neutralizes the main molecule that causes tumor angiogenesis in the body - vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Tumor cells grow rapidly. It is generally believed that when a tumor grows to 2-3mm3, new blood vessels must grow in to maintain the nutritional needs of tumor growth.

When the action of vascular endothelial growth factor is blocked, tumor angiogenesis is impaired, and tumor death and regression will occur. In addition, bevacizumab can also reduce the pressure between tissues, making it easier for chemotherapy drugs to enter tumor tissues and take effect. Therefore, bevacizumab is often used in combination with chemotherapy in clinical practice.

Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which can block the binding of EGFR to the receptor, thereby inhibiting the growth of tumor cells. In addition, after binding to tumor cells, it can also assist immune cells in the body to capture and kill tumor cells, which is the so-called "antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity".