What are the early symptoms of lung cancer

What are the early symptoms of lung cancer? Lung cancer is a disease with an extremely high mortality rate. At the same time, because the incidence of the disease is also very high, it has attracted the attention of the general public. What is lung cancer? What are the symptoms? Many people are very curious about these questions, so let me introduce the early symptoms of the disease below, I hope it will be helpful to everyone.

Lung cancer, also known as primary bronchial lung cancer, is a malignant tumor that grows on the bronchial mucosa or alveoli. It is one of the main malignant tumors that seriously threatens human survival. In recent years, its incidence and mortality have continued to rise at an alarming rate, with men significantly more than women, and the peak age is 40-60 years old. It is generally believed that the increase in the incidence of lung cancer is related to epidemiological factors. Smoking, industrial waste gas and air pollution are the main pathogenic factors of lung cancer. In the industrial field, the pathogenic substances related to lung cancer mainly include: asbestos, radioactive substances, arsenic, chromate, nickel, coal tar and petroleum products.

Common early symptoms of lung cancer include:

(1) Coughs are mostly occasional dry coughs with little or no sputum, and may contain a small amount of white foamy sputum, which often occurs after exertion. The coughing time is irregular and has nothing to do with body position.

(2) Hemoptysis or bloody sputum is caused by rupture of capillaries due to necrosis and ulceration of cancerous tissue. The amount of hemoptysis and the duration of hemoptysis are related to the degree of vascular damage in the cancerous tissue. It is usually persistent, with blood streaks or small blood clots in the sputum. The blood is bright red or dark red and is generally difficult to control with treatment. Hemoptysis or bloody sputum usually contains less blood. In a few cases, the cancer erodes the large blood vessels, which can cause massive hemoptysis.

(3) Chest pain Chest pain usually occurs in the middle or late stages of lung cancer, but if the tumor is located near the pleura, chest pain may occur earlier, manifesting as irregular dull pain or pain. When the tumor directly invades the pleura, there may be sharp chest pain, which worsens when coughing or breathing.

(4) Fever. Lung cancer rarely causes fever in the early stage, but when the cancerous tissue is necrotic, it can cause low or moderate fever, which is ineffective for antibiotic treatment. When the central lung cancer with lesions close to the hilum of the lung grows in the bronchus and develops to the point of obstruction or semi-obstruction of the bronchial lumen, it can cause obstructive pneumonia and systemic fever. At this time, the body temperature is generally around 38'C. The fever can be reduced by antibiotic treatment, but if the obstructive lesions are not removed, pneumonia can recur.

(5) Joint swelling and pain. The pain mainly occurs in the large joints, mostly the iliac joints, followed by the wrist joints. It is not migratory and has nothing to do with weather changes. Local swelling may occur. X-rays show no other abnormalities except for occasional thickening of the periosteum. Some patients may have rod-shaped fingers (toes). Clinically, these symptoms are called pulmonary osteoarthritis or ectopic growth hormone syndrome. Taking anti-rheumatic analgesics will not improve the entire course of the disease, but once the lesions in the lungs are removed, the symptoms of joint pain will disappear.

(6) Skin changes: A small number of people may experience itchy skin rashes, dermatomyositis, herpes zoster, etc. in the early stages.

(7) Endocrine system disorders: A small number of patients may also experience progressive muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, diabetes, lower limb edema, male breast enlargement, testicular atrophy, etc.