How to check for endometrial cancer in the hospital

Endometrial cancer is a very serious disease. Many women will encounter this disease and be harmed by endometrial cancer. Female friends should pay great attention to this disease, especially to clearly understand the examination methods of this disease. Let’s take a look at the examination measures for endometrial cancer.

1. Hysteroscopy. Hysteroscopy is currently widely used for the diagnosis of endometrial lesions. Fiber hysteroscopy is the most widely used in China. About 20% of postmenopausal vaginal bleeding patients have endometrial cancer. The use of hysteroscopy can directly observe the cervical canal and uterine cavity, find lesions and accurately take biopsies, which can improve the diagnosis rate of biopsy, avoid missed diagnoses by conventional curettage, and provide information such as the scope of lesions and whether the cervical canal is involved, to assist in correct clinical staging before surgery. However, since uterine distention fluid is often injected during hysteroscopy, it may flow into the pelvic cavity through the fallopian tubes, causing cancer cells to spread and affecting the prognosis. This should be noted.

2. Cystoscopy and proctoscopy are important for determining whether there is tumor invasion, but biopsy confirmation is required to confirm bladder or rectal involvement.

3. Lymph node imaging, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) Lymph node metastasis is the main route of endometrial cancer dissemination. Literature reports that the lymph node metastasis rate of stage I endometrial cancer is 10.6%, and that of stage II is 36.5%. Lymph node imaging can be used to predict whether lymph nodes have metastasis in preoperative examinations, but the operation is complicated and puncture is difficult, making it difficult to promote clinical application. Since the application of FIG0's new surgical-pathological staging in 1989, surgical pathological examinations can accurately determine the prognosis by determining whether lymph nodes have metastasis, and the scope of lymph node imaging has been narrower than before. CT, MRI, etc. are mainly used to understand uterine cavity and cervical lesions, the depth of myometrial infiltration, whether lymph nodes have grown (more than 2 cm), etc. Due to their high cost, they have not yet been used as routine examinations. At present, it is believed that MRI has great value in providing imaging information such as myometrial infiltration and whether retroperitoneal lymph node metastasis, and can be used to guide treatment (FIGO, 2003).

4. B-mode ultrasound examination. In recent years, B-mode ultrasound examination has developed rapidly, especially the widespread application of transvaginal B-mode ultrasound examination in gynecological clinics (transvaginal ultrasound examination, TVB), which has made certain progress in assisting the diagnosis of endometrial lesions. Transvaginal B-mode ultrasound examination can understand the size of the uterus, the shape of the uterine cavity, the presence of vegetation in the uterine cavity, the thickness of the endometrium, the presence of myometrial infiltration and its depth (Sahakian, 1991), and provide a reference for clinical diagnosis and pathological sampling (uterine cavity biopsy, or curettage). For postmenopausal women with uterine bleeding, further diagnosis methods can be selected based on the results of transvaginal B-mode ultrasound examination.

The above contents introduce the examination methods for endometrial cancer. This disease brings more troubles and affects the uterine health of patients. Everyone must have a correct understanding of endometrial cancer and pay attention to relevant examinations after the onset of the disease. Everyone needs to take preventive measures for this disease.