What are the tests for glioma

Glioma mainly presents with symptoms of increased intracranial pressure such as headache, vomiting and papilledema, as well as localized neurological damage. Glioma has different malignancies and is prone to recurrence. In the late stage, patients may die from brain herniation. Once such symptoms are found, patients should go to the hospital for examination, diagnosis and treatment immediately. What are the examinations for glioma?

1. Symptoms of progressive increased intracranial pressure: such as headache, vomiting, decreased vision, diplopia, epileptic seizures and mental symptoms.

2. Focal symptoms caused by compression, infiltration and destruction of brain tissue: such as hemiplegia, aphasia, unsteady gait, etc.

3. Head CT, MRI, and cerebral angiography: Characteristic space-occupying cell images can confirm the diagnosis.

4. The lesion usually first manifests as a painful mass: In the late stages of the tumor, symptoms caused by loss of nerve function (paresthesia, loss of sensation, and eventually loss of movement) gradually become apparent.

5. Physical examination may reveal a deep mass: it is fixed to the main structure, and pressure or palpation may cause referred pain or paresthesia. The characteristics of neurofibromatosis type 1 are obvious. For patients with neurofibromatosis, the previously painless and static nodules or masses gradually grow and develop symptoms. Early diagnostic measures are taken to determine whether malignant changes have occurred.

6. Electroencephalogram (EEG) examination: The EEG changes of gliomas are limited to changes in brain waves at the tumor site on the one hand, and are generally widely distributed changes in frequency and amplitude on the other hand. These are affected by tumor size, infiltration, degree of cerebral edema, and increased intracranial pressure. Shallow tumors are prone to localized abnormalities, while deep tumors have fewer localized changes. In more benign astrocytomas, oligodendrogliomas, etc., localized delta waves are mainly manifested, and some epileptic waveforms such as spikes or sharp waves can be seen. Large glioblastoma multiforme may show widespread delta waves, which can sometimes only be determined on one side.