Who is more likely to get cervical cancer? What are the ways to prevent cervical cancer?

Netizen: I have a lot of leucorrhea recently, with blood streaks, pain during intercourse, sometimes bleeding after intercourse, back pain, abdominal pain, urination discomfort and other symptoms. Not long ago, the female employees of the unit had a gynecological examination, and Xiao Liu was found to have cervical erosion. It is said that cervical erosion can lead to cervical cancer. I am very worried. What should I do?

Cervical erosion is cervicitis with a high incidence rate, accounting for more than half of gynecological outpatients. Modern medical research shows that cervical erosion is related to cervical cancer. Although the occurrence of cervical cancer is related to many factors such as early marriage, early childbearing, multiple births, sexual dysfunction, cervical infection with herpes virus, etc., relevant data show that the incidence of cervical cancer in women with cervical erosion is 10 times that of women without cervical erosion. The more severe the erosion and the longer the course of the disease, the greater the possibility of inducing cancer, and it will also cause serious consequences such as bleeding and infection.

How to prevent cervical erosion and reduce the incidence of cervical cancer?

1. Contraception. Avoid the pain and trauma of abortion and curettage. Cervical lacerations caused by childbirth should be sutured in time.

2. Keep the vulva clean and free of infection, and do not use various washing liquids to avoid damaging the natural protective barrier of the vagina and making washing more and more annoying.

3. Keep a happy spirit and enhance disease resistance. Cervical erosion is a chronic disease. Although it is a risk factor for cervical cancer, it is not a precancerous lesion, so don't worry.

4. Regular gynecological examinations. It is difficult to distinguish cervical erosion from early cervical cancer with the naked eye. The cervical smear test is simple and easy to perform, and the results are reliable.

5. Actively treat cervical erosion. Intravaginal medication, laser, electric ironing, freezing.

Who is prone to cervical cancer?

People infected with human papillomavirus (HpV):

Data show that 99.6% of cervical cancer is caused by HPV infection.

2. Multiple sexual partners:

A study in the United States showed that the number of sexual partners ≥ 10 people accounted for 36% of new cases of cervical cancer, indicating that multiple sexual partners are significantly correlated with cervical carcinoma in situ and cervical cancer. This is because sperm will produce a sperm antibody after entering the vagina, which usually disappears completely in about 4 months. If there are many sexual partners and frequent sexual intercourse, multiple antibodies (heterosexual proteins) will be produced, making it more likely to develop cervical cancer.

3. Those who marry early and have many children:

According to the report of the Beijing Cervical Cancer Prevention and Control Cooperation Group, the incidence of cervical cancer in women who married before the age of 20 was three times that of the 21-25 age group, and seven times that of those who married after the age of 26. At the same time, the incidence of cervical cancer increased with the number of births, and the incidence of cervical cancer in women with more than 7 births was more than 10 times higher than that in women with 1-2 births.

4. Age:

The probability of women suffering from cervical cancer before the age of 20 is low, the incidence of cervical cancer is high in women aged 20-50, and the incidence is low after the age of 50. In general, there has been a trend of younger age in recent years. Last year, Beijing Friendship Hospital diagnosed 9 cases of cervical cancer, mainly in patients aged 34-48, of which 33 were under 40 years old, and 66% were aged 40-48.

5. Patients with atypical cervical hyperplasia:

Especially for patients with moderate to severe conditions, if not treated actively, it may also turn into cervical cancer.

In addition, people who take oral contraceptives, smoke and have low incomes are also at high risk of cervical cancer.

Symptoms of cervical cancer

1. There are usually no symptoms in the early stage, and there is no obvious difference from chronic cervicitis. Sometimes the cervix is ​​even smooth, especially in elderly women. The main symptoms are:

Vaginal bleeding: Young patients often present with contact bleeding, which occurs during sexual intercourse, gynecological examinations, and after bowel movements. The amount of bleeding can be more or less, generally depending on the size of the lesion and the invasion of blood vessels in the stroma. Early bleeding is less, while late lesions are larger and present with heavy bleeding, which may lead to fatal heavy bleeding once they erode large blood vessels. Young patients may also present with prolonged menstruation, shortened cycles, and increased menstrual flow. Elderly patients often complain of irregular vaginal bleeding after menopause.

Vaginal discharge: Patients often complain of increased vaginal discharge, which is white or bloody, thin like water or rice soup, and has a fishy smell. In the late stage, due to rupture of cancer tissue, tissue necrosis, secondary infection, etc., a large amount of pus or rice soup-smelling leucorrhea is discharged.

2. Symptoms of advanced cancer: secondary symptoms appear according to the extent of the lesion. When the lesion affects the pelvic connective tissue, pelvic wall, compresses the ureter or rectum, sciatic nerve, frequent urination, urgency, anal swelling, constipation, lower limb swelling and pain, etc., seriously leading to ureteral obstruction, hydronephrosis, and eventually uremia. At the end of the disease, the patient may experience weight loss, anemia, fever, and systemic failure.