What should I do about cervical precancerous lesions? What are the symptoms of cervical precancerous lesions?

Cervical cancer is a malignant tumor that seriously threatens women's life and health. Its morbidity and mortality rates are between 33 and 55 years old, which is the golden period for women. There are more than 130,000 new cases of cervical cancer in my country every year, and 20,000 to 30,000 women die from cervical cancer every year, and the patients are getting younger.

The cervix, along with the uterine body, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, are collectively referred to as the internal reproductive organs of a woman. Unlike the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries, the cervix is ​​located outside the peritoneal cavity. Although these parts are hidden, they can still be seen through a colposcope. The surface of the cervix, located within the vagina, is primarily covered by non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelial cells, while the endocervical canal is lined by simple columnar epithelial cells. The intersection of the above two epithelial cells is the cervical zona mobilis. The cervical zona mobilis is a common site of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer. For women of childbearing age, the location of the zona mobilis is not fixed. Cervical cytology must include cells from the zona mobilis.

The occurrence of cervical cancer requires a long process. At present, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is usually used clinically to reflect the evolution and progression of cervical cancer. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia includes cervical atypical hyperplasia and cervical carcinoma in situ. Usually, special environmental conditions are required, such as human papillomavirus (HpV) infection. It can be said that cervical cancer will not occur without papillomavirus infection. However, even if infected with human papillomavirus, not all cervical cancers should occur. Only repeated and persistent human papillomavirus infection is a prerequisite for cervical cancer. Due to repeated and persistent infection, cervical intraepithelial neoplasia may occur. This lesion takes at least several years or even ten years to go through mild, moderate and severe to invasive cervical cancer. During this period, the lesion is in a state of change, that is, the lesion regresses, persists and progresses. The total risk probability of developing from cervical intraepithelial neoplasia to invasive cervical cancer is 15%, while the probability of mild, moderate and severe cervical intraepithelial neoplasia developing into cervical cancer is 15%, 30% and 45% respectively. Generally speaking, the higher the degree of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, the greater the risk of developing cervical cancer.

Vaginal bleeding may cause cervical precancerous lesions

1. Vaginal bleeding: It is one of the early symptoms of cervical cancer, mainly referring to a small amount of vaginal bleeding after sexual intercourse, gynecological examination, and defecation in patients with constipation. Because this early symptom of cervical cancer can also be seen in cervical erosion and cervical polyps, it is easy to be ignored.

2. Increased vaginal discharge: Commonly known as increased leucorrhea, an early symptom of cervical cancer may have no abnormal odor, while patients with late-stage cervical cancer may have a foul fishy odor.

3. Contact bleeding: Irregular vaginal bleeding in patients with cervical cancer, such as menstrual disorders, postmenopausal bleeding, contact bleeding, etc.

4. Pain: Patients with cervical cancer may feel pain in the lower abdomen, waist, sacrum, and during sexual intercourse, etc. These are early symptoms of cervical cancer.