What are the treatments for liver cancer? How to choose the right medication for liver cancer?

What are the treatments for liver cancer?

1. Surgical treatment

Surgery is still the first choice for treating liver cancer. In recent years, the early diagnosis, localization diagnosis, tumor biology and some concepts of liver cancer surgery have been updated and improved, which mainly include the following:

1. Surgical resection

2. Various local treatments during surgery for unresectable tumors:

① Intraoperative chemotherapy and ligation of the hepatic artery and portal vein;

② Chemotherapy infusion with implantable infusion pump;

③Intraoperative implantable microwave radiation therapy;

④Intraoperative cryotherapy;

⑤ Intraoperative electrochemical therapy;

⑥Tamoxifen plus liver perfusion chemotherapy;

⑦ Sequential treatment of liver cancer.

2. Radiation therapy

In recent years, with the progress of research in radiation physics and radiation physiology, radiotherapy equipment has been developed, using cobalt 60 gamma rays or X-rays and high-energy rays from electron linear accelerators, and the irradiation methods and ranges for liver cancer have also been improved. From the original whole liver irradiation - local irradiation - whole liver mobile radiotherapy - surgical local irradiation and hyperfractionated irradiation, the radiotherapy effect of liver cancer has been significantly improved, and the side effects have been reduced to the lowest level. It mainly includes external radiotherapy and internal radiotherapy.

3. Chemotherapy

95% of liver cancer patients have lost the chance of surgery when diagnosed, and most liver cancer patients still rely on chemotherapy. In the past, chemotherapy for liver cancer was not highly evaluated, especially systemic administration, which had little effect. In recent years, the administration route of chemotherapy has been changed, and hepatic artery chemotherapy and embolization have been performed, which has significantly improved the chemotherapy effect of liver cancer. It is currently believed that catheter chemotherapy is better than systemic combined chemotherapy, and combined chemotherapy is better than single-drug chemotherapy. Hepatic artery catheter chemotherapy is considered to be the best treatment for patients with liver cancer who are not suitable for surgery.

IV. Interventional Radiology

The interventional radiology technique of percutaneous superselective hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and embolization, which emerged in the 1980s and has developed rapidly, plays a vital role. Whether it is the treatment of early localized liver cancer or mid-to-late stage liver cancer, this interventional radiology technique is a decisive treatment method and is indispensable.

5. Immunotherapy

BCG, Corynebacterium microti, levamisole, tumor vaccine, embryonic cells, thymosin, transfer factor, immune RNA, etc. have been tried in China, but none of them has achieved significant therapeutic effects. In recent years, interferon, interleukin-Ⅱ, lymphokine-activated killer cells, etc. have been widely used, which can improve the treatment effect of liver cancer to varying degrees when used alone or in combination with other therapies.

6. Anhydrous alcohol injection therapy

In recent years, there have been many clinical reports on the treatment of liver cancer with anhydrous alcohol injection under B-ultrasound guidance. This treatment has a significant effect in shrinking lesions, controlling and delaying tumor growth. Since this treatment does not require special conditions, is simple to operate, has few complications, causes little pain to patients, and is low in cost, it is widely used in clinical practice.

7. Laser Dynamics Therapy

Ultrasound-guided local laser irradiation of liver cancer and simultaneous injection of chemotherapy drugs have achieved good results.

8. Ultrasound-guided microwave coagulation therapy

This treatment is suitable for small liver cancers.

9. Guided treatment

Guided therapy uses an antibody or compound with a special affinity for liver cancer as a "carrier", or guides through physical effects such as magnetism, or through tumor vascular specific guidance such as iodized oil, and then makes a cross-linked substance with a "warhead" (radioactive nuclide, chemotherapy drug, toxic protein, BRM, etc.) that has a tumor-killing effect, in order to achieve the purpose of killing more tumors with less damage to normal tissues.

How to choose the right medicine for liver cancer

Liver cancer is a malignant tumor that occurs in the liver and is the most common type of malignant tumor. my country is a high-incidence area of ​​liver cancer. In recent years, the incidence rate has shown a slow upward trend, and the mortality rate has also increased accordingly, ranking third among cancer mortality rates.

Drug therapy is one of the main methods for treating liver cancer. There are many types of drugs used in the treatment of liver cancer, but the efficacy varies. How should patients choose the right drugs for liver cancer?

First of all, it is recommended that patients go to a regular medical institution for treatment and refer to the doctor's medication recommendations. When choosing a drug, you should look at the drug's indications and learn more about the drug's clinical application. When choosing to buy, you should look at whether there is an approval number to avoid buying fake drugs. When using the drug, follow the instructions for use and pay attention to your diet during medication.

Liver cancer is one of the common cancers in my country. Clinical manifestations: The early onset is often insidious, with no obvious symptoms and signs, and is often discovered through alpha-fetoprotein testing or surveys. Common symptoms include intermittent or persistent pain in the liver area, slow upper abdominal distension, loss of appetite, progressive enlargement of the upper abdominal mass, systemic symptoms include weight loss, fever, diarrhea, jaundice, and complications include gastrointestinal bleeding, hepatic coma, ruptured hemorrhage of liver nodules, and secondary infection.

In clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, this disease is often classified as "liver accumulation", "qi distension", "ascites", "jaundice" and other categories. Traditional Chinese medicine believes that emotional depression, poor qi movement, and liver failure to release are the symptoms of upper abdominal distension and pain, decreased appetite, greasy tongue coating, and stringy and thin pulse; qi stagnation and blood stasis, blood obstruction, accumulated over time, so there is accumulation under the ribs, distension and discomfort, fatigue, dark complexion, weight loss, greasy tongue coating, dark purple tongue, and thin and astringent pulse; spleen deficiency produces dampness, dampness turns into heat, and heat toxicity is internalized, so there is jaundice, fever, and bleeding from the teeth; ascites, yellow and greasy tongue coating, and stringy and rapid pulse.