Infectious diseases in autumn and winter

Communicable diseases are diseases that can be transmitted from one person to another. There are different types of infectious diseases in different seasons. For example, in autumn, it is easy to have infectious diseases such as influenza and common cold, bronchitis and pneumonia, chickenpox, measles and autumn diarrhea. Therefore, in daily life, everyone must pay attention to maintenance work to avoid the occurrence of these infectious diseases!

1. Influenza and common cold

Influenza is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by influenza virus. The main sources of infection are patients and virus carriers. The virus is spread through droplets sprayed by sneezing, coughing or talking. Main symptoms: high fever, chills, headache, muscle and joint pain, general fatigue, nasal congestion, sore throat and dry cough. A small number of patients may have gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea. The main symptoms of the common cold are sore throat, nasal congestion and runny nose, tears, sneezing, mild fever, headache and sore throat. High fever and body aches rarely occur, and the disease cycle is short.

2. Bronchitis and pneumonia

Mainly transmitted through the respiratory tract. Bronchitis is usually a complication of viral infections such as the common cold and influenza, but may also be caused by bacterial infections. It is a common acute respiratory infection in children. Most patients first have symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection, followed by frequent and deep coughs, and later gradually bronchial secretions. Pneumonia is an inflammation of the lungs caused by infection with pathogens such as bacteria, viruses, and mycoplasmas. The main clinical manifestations are fever, cough, shortness of breath, difficulty breathing, and lung rales.

3. Chickenpox

Chickenpox is an acute infectious disease caused by varicella-zoster virus infection. The main manifestations are macules, papules, and chickenpox on the skin and mucous membranes, which may be accompanied by upper respiratory tract symptoms such as fever, headache, and sore throat. Chickenpox is highly contagious and is mainly transmitted through respiratory droplets or direct contact.

4. Measles

Measles is an acute respiratory infectious disease caused by the measles virus. Its main symptoms are fever, cough, runny nose, eye congestion, oral mucosal rash and maculopapular rash all over the body. It is highly contagious and transmitted through respiratory droplets. After the disease, the patient can acquire long-lasting immunity.

5. Autumn diarrhea

There are many viruses that cause autumn diarrhea, the main culprit being rotavirus, which is mainly transmitted from person to person through fecal-oral or oral-oral transmission, and may also be transmitted through water contamination or the respiratory tract. Symptoms include fever, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, etc.