What are the causes of interstitial emphysema

What are the causes of interstitial emphysema?

The cause is known:

1 Inhalation of inorganic dust: silica, asbestos, talc, antimony, beryllium, coal, aluminum, tin, iron.

2 Inhalation of organic dust: moldy grass dust, sugarcane dust, mushroom lung, pigeon disease, cotton dust, synthetic fibers, and bakelite radiation damage.

3Microbial infections: viruses, bacteria, fungi, Pneumocystis carinii, and parasites.

4 Drugs: cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs, busulfan, and cyclophosphamide.

5. Lymphangitic carcinomatosis; pulmonary edema.

6 Inhaled gases: oxygen, sulfur dioxide, chlorine, nitrogen oxides, smoke, lipids, mercury vapor

Unknown cause:

Idiopathic pulmonary interstitial fibrosis is also known as cryptogenic fibrosing alveolitis and idiopathic interstitial pneumonia. Acute interstitial pneumonia, desquamative interstitial pneumonia, collagen vascular disease: systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, polymyositis-dermatitis, Sjögren's syndrome, sarcoidosis, histiocytosis, Goodpasture-nephritis syndrome, idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis, Wegener's granulomatosis, chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, alveolar protein deposition, hereditary pulmonary fibrosis, tuberous sclerosis, neurofibroma, pulmonary vascular bed interstitial emphysema, primary pulmonary hypertension, diffuse amyloidosis, bronchiolitis obliterans complicated with pneumonia.

Known etiologies account for about 35% of all ILDs, among which occupational exposure is a common cause, among which inorganic dust is the most common cause, and organic dust is becoming more and more common. Organic dust is also known as allergic alveolitis, usually due to a history of allergies, when foreign proteins or polysaccharides are inhaled again. The cause of ILD is still unclear, accounting for 2/3 of all cases, including pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, pulmonary fibrosis, sarcoidosis, and collagen vascular disease, including histiocytosis and pulmonary-renal syndrome, pulmonary vasculitis, idiopathic hemosiderin deposition, etc.