What causes women to get cervical cancer

The main reason for women to get cervical cancer is persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). Other factors include genetics, a weak immune system, long-term smoking, etc. The key to preventing and treating cervical cancer is regular screening, HPV vaccination, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle.

1. High-risk HPV infection is the main cause of cervical cancer. HPV is a common sexually transmitted virus, among which high-risk HPV such as HPV16 and HPV18 are closely related to the occurrence of cervical cancer. Continuous infection with high-risk HPV can cause abnormal changes in cervical cells, which may eventually develop into cervical cancer. An effective way to prevent HPV infection is to get vaccinated with HPV vaccine. Currently, there are two-valent, four-valent and nine-valent vaccines available on the market. It is recommended that women between the ages of 9 and 45 get vaccinated.

2. Genetic factors may also increase the risk of cervical cancer. If there is a history of cervical cancer in the family, the individual's probability of getting the disease will be relatively high. Although genetic factors cannot be changed, regular screening can detect cervical abnormalities early and reduce the risk of cancer. It is recommended that women with a family history undergo a cervical cytology test (TCT) and HPV test once a year.

3. A weak immune system increases the risk of cervical cancer. For example, people with AIDS or those who use immunosuppressants for a long time have difficulty clearing HPV due to decreased immunity, which makes cervical cells more susceptible to cancer. Maintaining a healthy lifestyle, such as a balanced diet, moderate exercise and adequate sleep, can help enhance immunity and reduce the risk of disease.

4. Long-term smoking is another risk factor for cervical cancer. Harmful substances in tobacco can damage cervical cells and increase the risk of cancer after HPV infection. Quitting smoking can not only reduce the incidence of cervical cancer, but also improve overall health. For women who smoke, it is recommended to quit smoking as soon as possible and undergo regular cervical cancer screening.

5. Having multiple sexual partners or having sex too early can also increase the risk of cervical cancer. These behaviors increase the probability of HPV infection, which in turn increases the incidence of cervical cancer. Safe sex, such as using condoms, can effectively reduce the risk of HPV infection. At the same time, it is recommended that women undergo regular cervical cancer screening starting at the age of 21.

The reasons why women get cervical cancer are complex and varied, but high-risk HPV infection is the main factor. Cervical cancer can be effectively prevented by getting the HPV vaccine, regular screening, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, and avoiding risky behaviors. For patients who have been diagnosed, early treatment is the key, and treatment methods include surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Paying attention to your own health and having regular physical examinations are important measures for every woman to prevent cervical cancer.