What causes throat cancer

The occurrence of laryngeal cancer is closely related to genetics, environmental factors, the patient's lifestyle and other health conditions, among which smoking and drinking are important risk factors. Prevention and improvement need to start with reducing exposure to risk factors, while paying attention to early signs of throat discomfort and seeking medical attention in a timely manner.

1. Genetic factors

Genetics may have a certain influence on the occurrence of laryngeal cancer. If there is a family history of cancer, especially head and neck cancer, the risk of laryngeal cancer will increase. However, genetics is only one of the predisposing factors. In most cases, the influence of environment and behavior is more significant.

2. Environmental factors and external factors

Long-term exposure to carcinogens, such as toxic chemicals in the air such as asbestos, silica powder, etc. or industrial waste gas, may increase the risk of throat cancer. Long-term exposure to secondhand smoke can also significantly increase the likelihood of disease. For example, in highly polluted working environments, protective measures should be taken, such as wearing masks or improving the air purification system in the workplace.

3. Influence of physiological factors and personal factors

Persistent viral infections, such as human papillomavirus (HPV), are an important cause of some throat cancers. Chronic inflammation is also a risk factor, such as chronic pharyngitis or repeated tonsil infections. Maintaining a healthy throat and avoiding long-term untreated inflammation is a very important protective measure.

4. Trauma and other factors

Long-term bad eating habits, such as excessive intake of hot or spicy food, may cause mechanical or thermal damage to the throat mucosa, leading to the risk of cancer. Trauma or repeated stimulation of the throat, such as occupational loud speaking, is also a predisposing factor.

5. Bad living habits: smoking and drinking

Smoking and drinking are among the most important risk factors for laryngeal cancer. Harmful substances in tobacco can directly damage the pharyngeal mucosa, while the chemical components in alcohol can promote cancer. Especially when the two are used together, the risk increases significantly. Quitting smoking and drinking is the most critical. Quitting smoking can start with choosing alternative nicotine products or seeking smoking cessation consultation; reducing alcohol consumption is encouraged to be achieved gradually through the development of a drinking control plan.

6. Other diseases and immunity-related issues

Individuals with weakened immune systems, including those taking immunosuppressants for a long time or those with immune-related diseases such as HIV, are more likely to develop malignant tumors. Strengthening the immune system and maintaining a balanced diet can reduce the risk of developing malignant tumors.

It is recommended that you maintain a healthy lifestyle and try to avoid known risk factors. If you have long-term symptoms such as throat discomfort, hoarseness or difficulty swallowing, you should seek medical attention and get screened as soon as possible. Scientific prevention and early detection are effective ways to deal with throat cancer. Ensuring good health starts with daily details.