How to Check for Testicular Cancer

According to the medical history and physical signs, if the testicles are enlarged and there is a feeling of falling, no tenderness, and the normal sensitivity of the testicles disappears, testicular cancer should be considered first. B-ultrasound examination, such as enlarged peritoneal lymph nodes, is very helpful for diagnosis. A positive urine HCG test is of reference value for judging whether testicular cancer has trophoblastic components. Alpha-fetoprotein test is helpful for judging embryonal carcinoma. X-ray examination can understand whether there is lung or bone metastasis. CT examination: CT examination has the comprehensiveness and clarity of the examination, and can reflect the metastasis of the testicles and the whole body in more detail and preparation. It is of great value to the clinical stage of testicular cancer, scientific comprehensive treatment and prognosis guidance.

Mainly serum β-HCG, AFP and LDH detection, these serum tumor markers are of great significance for treatment, follow-up and prognosis. β-HCG is synthesized by syncytiotrophoblast cells, with a serum half-life of 24-36 hours. It is elevated in the blood of patients with choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma and spermatogonia. Elevated AFP is seen in pure embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, yolk sac tumor and mixed tumors, but pure choriocarcinoma and pure spermatogonia do not synthesize AFP. The serum half-life of AFP is 5-7 days. An increase in LDH can be seen in testicular tumors, but its sensitivity and specificity are not high. It can be used to indicate the severity or extent of the lesion. An increase after treatment can also indicate recurrence.

Mainly serum β-HCG, AFP and LDH detection, these serum tumor markers are of great significance for treatment, follow-up and prognosis. β-HCG is synthesized by syncytiotrophoblast cells, with a serum half-life of 24-36 hours. It is elevated in the blood of patients with choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma and spermatogonia. Elevated AFP is seen in pure embryonal carcinoma, teratoma, yolk sac tumor and mixed tumors, but pure choriocarcinoma and pure spermatogonia do not synthesize AFP. The serum half-life of AFP is 5-7 days. An increase in LDH can be seen in testicular tumors, but its sensitivity and specificity are not high. It can be used to indicate the severity or extent of the lesion. An increase after treatment can also indicate recurrence.

B-ultrasound examination can more accurately distinguish the size, shape, and presence of lumps in the testicles. It can also distinguish whether the swollen testicles are inflammation, tissue edema, or tumors. It can also detect whether there are metastatic tumors behind the peritoneum. Such as sternal X-ray, CT examination, radionuclide scanning, pyelography, experimental biochemical immunoassay, and even lymphangiography, observe or speculate whether there is a range and degree of metastasis. Biopsy is the only way to determine whether cancer exists. In most cases, when performing a biopsy, the doctor cuts open the groin and removes the entire affected testicle. This method is called radical inguinal orchiectomy.