Count the fourteen most common cancers around you

Half a century ago, cancer was still an unfamiliar word to Chinese people. But in just these fifty years, cancer has become one of the diseases that are most closely related to people, with both the incidence and mortality rates ranking in the top three. In a cancer family consisting of more than 260 members, how should they be ranked according to incidence, treatment, severity, etc.?

The most common cancer among Chinese people: lung cancer

This is not an exaggeration. The Harvard School of Public Health in the United States once made a report based on China's existing data and situation that in the next 30 years, the number of people who died from lung cancer in China will reach 18 million, which means that one person will die from lung cancer every minute. "But in fact, lung cancer is one of the most preventable cancers." Professor Zhi Xiuyi, director of the Tobacco and Lung Cancer Prevention and Control Department of the China Cancer Foundation, said that staying away from tobacco, ventilating the home, wearing a mask when going out, driving less, reducing exposure to kitchen fumes, and using environmentally friendly decoration materials can all keep lung cancer out of the door at the first opportunity. The reason why lung cancer has such a high mortality rate is mainly because nearly 80% of patients are not diagnosed until the late stage clinically.

The most common cancer in children: Leukemia

Professor Zhang Guangchao, deputy director of the Children's Oncology Branch of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association, pointed out that consanguineous marriage and decoration pollution are the main factors for children to suffer from leukemia prematurely. In addition, "little fat kids", parents who smoke and drive frequently are also more likely to fall into the quagmire of leukemia. However, Zhang Guangchao also pointed out that childhood tumors such as leukemia are definitely preventable and treatable. Professor Wu Minyuan, director of the Hematology Center of Beijing Children's Hospital, pointed out that the long-term survival rate of acute lymphoblastic leukemia can reach more than 80%.

The most masculine cancer: prostate cancer

In European and American countries, the incidence and mortality rates of prostate cancer are among the highest. In recent years, our country has also been catching up with Europe and the United States. "This is mainly because people's lives have improved in the past 20 years, they have become fond of high-fat diets, and the population is aging," said Na Yanqun, chairman of the Urology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association. "However, as long as it is detected early, the cure rate of prostate cancer can reach about 95%. Therefore, it is recommended that men must have regular prostate-specific antigen tests after the age of 50."

The most feminine cancer: breast cancer

"It is actually not difficult to stay away from breast cancer. You just should have a plan starting from infancy." Professor Xu Guangwei, honorary chairman of the Oncology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, said that infants and young children should not be overweight, children should not have overnutrition, adolescents should increase outdoor sports activities, adolescents should get married at the right time, middle-aged people should have regular check-ups, and estrogen should be used with caution during menopause.

The most avoidable cancer: uterine cancer

"The most obvious effect of maintaining a reasonable and healthy eating habit, actively participating in physical exercise and avoiding obesity is that it may prevent 70% of uterine cancer (including endometrial cancer and cervical cancer)," said Kohler Doyle, chairman of the Nutrition and Physical Activity Department of the American Cancer Society. In addition, esophageal cancer and oral cancer are closely behind in the "most avoidable cancers".

The first cancer that may be eliminated: cervical cancer

"Cancer is scary mainly because we don't know its cause. But cervical cancer has made a breakthrough in this regard." Professor Cao Zeyi, chairman of the Chinese Medical Association's Gynecological Oncology Branch, said: "Now, we all know that human papillomavirus is the most direct cause of this cancer. It is also because of this that since the first cervical cancer vaccine was launched in 2006, people have seen the first ray of hope in conquering cancer."

The most treatable cancer: Breast cancer

Breast cancer has become one of the diseases with the most advances in treatment technology. "Screening is the first line of defense in the fight against breast cancer. The 'joint efforts' of surgery, medical treatment, radiotherapy and targeted therapy have not only increased the cure rate of early breast cancer to over 90%, but also enabled patients with mid- and late-stage breast cancer to live longer," said Jiang Zefei, director of the Breast Cancer Department of the Affiliated Hospital of the Academy of Military Medical Sciences.

The mildest cancer: thyroid cancer

Thyroid cancer, with young and middle-aged people aged 20-40 as the "main force", has shown a clear increasing trend in recent years. However, Professor Gao Ming, deputy director of Tianjin Cancer Hospital, believes that most thyroid cancers have low malignancy, slow disease progression, and ideal treatment effects, and the earlier the treatment, the better the effect. "Thyroid cancer is closely related to higher estrogen levels in the body, high mental stress, and exposure to radioactive substances such as X-rays. If these risk factors can be avoided, prevention is not a problem."

Cancer most related to diet: digestive tract cancer

A high-fat, high-protein diet causes colon cancer; a lack of vitamin C, a preference for eating sauerkraut, and eating too hot food lead to a high incidence of esophageal cancer; eating too salty and eating too much are the "culprits" of gastric cancer. Therefore, Professor Ba Yi, director of the Department of Digestive Oncology at Tianjin Cancer Hospital, suggested that “eating until 70% full”, diversifying food, eating more fruits and vegetables and less meat are always the truths in cancer prevention.

Places where cancer won’t occur: nails and hair

In addition, other organs of the human body are related to cancer. But there are still areas that are rarely affected by disasters. For example, the incidence rates of diseases such as tonsil cancer, lip cancer, anal cancer, mesothelioma, vulvar cancer, vaginal cancer, and adrenal cancer are all below 0.1/100,000.

The most difficult cancer to treat: pancreatic cancer

"Pancreatic cancer has long been known as the 'king of cancers.'" Professor Ni Quanxing, chairman of the Pancreatic Cancer Professional Committee of the Chinese Anti-Cancer Association and director of the Pancreatic Cancer Disease Research Institute of Fudan University, said that pancreatic cancer is located in a special area and it is difficult to detect early symptoms. Most patients are in the late stage when they seek medical treatment. Surgical resection is difficult, risky and relatively expensive. Moreover, the pancreas is rich in blood vessels and is located at a major transportation hub, affecting as many as five or six organs, making it a very troublesome problem.