The difference between blood sugar and urine sugar

Even if you find out that your blood sugar is high during a physical examination, it does not necessarily mean you have diabetes. However, if high blood sugar is not treated in time, it will cause diabetes. So when we go for a check-up and it shows that the urine sugar is too high, it is diabetes. However, I believe most people do not know the difference between blood sugar and urine sugar. Many people may think that high blood sugar will cause diabetes, and that this is a comprehensive disease, which is mainly caused by a lack of insulin in the body.

Diabetes is a complex disease with multiple causes. It is a syndrome of glucose, protein and lipid metabolism disorders caused by insulin deficiency or increase of hormones antagonizing insulin in the body, or the inability of insulin to play its normal physiological role in target cells. It is characterized by an abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood circulation, and when the urine sugar and blood sugar are too high, the typical symptoms of "three mores and one less" may appear, namely, drinking more, urinating more, eating more, and losing weight, accompanied by fatigue and weakness. In severe cases, ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar diabetic coma may occur, and multiple infections are likely to occur. As the disease progresses, metabolic disorders can lead to chronic progressive lesions in tissues and organs such as the eyes, kidneys, nerves, blood vessels and heart. If not treated promptly and appropriately, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, renal failure, blindness, lower limb gangrene, etc. may occur, becoming the main causes of death and disability.

There is no glucose in the urine of normal people, but because the blood sugar of diabetics is too high, the kidneys excrete excess glucose from the urine, so glucose appears in the urine. The glucose in the urine is what people call urine sugar.

Only when blood sugar reaches a certain level can sugar leak out of the urine. The lowest concentration of glucose that the kidneys can excrete from the urine is called the "renal glucose threshold".

The normal renal glucose threshold of a person is 8.9~10.0mmo/L. That is to say, when blood sugar is ≥8.9~10.0mmo/L, urine sugar will be positive, which will be represented by +, ++, +++, ++++, and the more + on the test report, the more glucose there is in the urine.

If the fasting blood sugar is between 7.0-8.9mmol/L, it can be diagnosed as diabetes, but the urine sugar is negative, which is indicated as (-) on the test report. If the renal glucose threshold is increased, the urine sugar may be (-) even if the blood sugar exceeds 10.0mmol/L. If the renal glucose threshold is lowered, the urine sugar may appear even if the blood sugar is normal, it is not diabetes, but is called renal diabetes.

Therefore, when you are doing a check-up, you must understand your test results clearly and not take any medicine randomly, otherwise it will cause great harm to your body. After all, all medicines are toxic, especially diabetes medicines will cause greater harm. In fact, even if your blood sugar is normal, you will still have high urine sugar, which is a disease of renal diabetes.