What's going on with the chloasma all over my face

A face full of chloasma has plunged many women into endless pain. Various methods have been tried to remove chloasma, but blindly doing so is not recommended. It is important to understand the causes. For example, long-term oral contraceptives and menstrual disorders may cause chloasma.

1. Chloasma, also known as liver spots, is a yellowish-brown pigmentation on the face. Multi-symmetric butterfly distribution in the cheeks. It is more common in women, and high estrogen levels in the blood are the main cause. Its onset is related to pregnancy, long-term oral contraceptives, and menstrual disorders.

2. The cause of the disease is still unclear. It is more common in women, and high estrogen levels in the blood are the main cause. Its onset is related to pregnancy, long-term oral contraceptives, and menstrual disorders. It is also seen in patients with some female reproductive system diseases, tuberculosis, cancer, chronic ethanol poisoning, liver disease, etc. Sunlight can precipitate the disease. Male patients account for about 10%, and some studies believe that the incidence of the disease in men is related to genetics.

3. There is no satisfactory treatment yet. If the cause of the disease is found, try to eliminate it. Chloasma caused by birth control pills should be stopped, but it may not disappear in the short term.

4. Local treatment

(1) Topical medications are the simplest and most commonly used treatment method. Topical tyrosinase inhibitor ointment, such as 5% hydroquinone cream, 2-4% kojic acid cream and 3% arbutin. There are different degrees of therapeutic effects after application. This type of drug is an antioxidant and is easily oxidized in air and sunlight. It should be stored in a sealed container and away from light. In recent years, some people have reported the use of 0.1% retinoic acid ointment to treat chloasma, and topical glucocorticoids also have certain therapeutic effects.

(2) Exfoliation therapy: Topical application of trichloroacetic acid solution can exfoliate the epidermis and remove pigmentation spots. Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy can cause the epidermis to freeze and necrotize and then peel off to remove pigments. Grinding surgery uses a grinding head to grind off a layer of the epidermis to achieve the purpose of removing pigments. After the operation, apply sunscreen after the wound heals, otherwise it is easy to relapse after sun exposure.