Nursing methods for upper gastrointestinal bleeding

In addition to active treatment, patients with gastrointestinal bleeding also need care. The patient's bleeding and condition should be observed, especially when vomiting blood. The patient should be placed in a side-lying position and fasting should be noted during bleeding.

1. Symptom care

1. Nursing of vomiting blood:

(1) The patient should be in the lateral or semi-recumbent position, with the head tilted to one side and the patient unconscious. If necessary, a negative pressure suction device should be prepared.

(2) Observe the bleeding and record its color and amount.

(3) Follow the doctor’s instructions for blood transfusion, infusion, and hemostasis to keep the veins open.

2. Care for blood in stool: Wipe clean after defecation and keep the anal area clean and dry. Stand up slowly after a bowel movement.

3. Pain care

(1) After sclerotherapy, observe the nature and extent of pain and notify the physician promptly.

(2) Give acid-suppressing drugs, gastric mucosal protective agents and other drugs as prescribed by the doctor.

4. Care for fever: Fever may occur after sclerotherapy. Give infusion and anti-inflammatory drugs as prescribed by the doctor, and observe changes in body temperature regularly.

2. General care

1. Rest in bed during the bleeding period, and gradually increase the amount of activity as the condition improves.

2. When vomiting blood, always take good care of your oral cavity and keep it clean.

3. Fasting during the bleeding period. After the bleeding stops, warm and cool liquids, semi-liquids and easily digestible soft foods are given in order.

4. Change body position frequently to avoid long-term local pressure. Keep the bed unit flat, clean, dry and wrinkle-free.

5. Comfort and care for patients, and eliminate their tension and fear. Clean up all blood and gastrointestinal drainage in time to avoid malignant stimulation.

3. Health Guidance

1. Maintain a good mood and optimistic spirit, and treat the disease correctly.

2. Live a regular life, avoid being too hungry or too full, avoid rough, sour, spicy and irritating foods such as vinegar, chili, garlic, strong tea, etc., and avoid eating too cold or too hot food.

3. Quit smoking and drinking.

4. Take medicine as directed by your doctor and avoid taking aspirin, indomethacin, and hormone drugs.

5. Have regular check-ups. If you experience vomiting blood or black stools, go to the hospital immediately.