What is mesenchymal chondrosarcoma and how to treat it

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma was first seen in the 1950s and is caused by a disgusting lesion in the cartilage tissue of the human body. Depending on the location of occurrence, it can be divided into central and peripheral types. The earlier mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is discovered, the simpler the treatment is and the higher the recovery rate is, so the public should know about mesenchymal chondrosarcoma.

1. Clinical manifestations of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma usually occurs in people under 30 years old, more often in males than in females, and is more common in the long bones of the limbs, especially the epiphyseal ends of the lower femur, upper tibia, and upper humerus. Other bones such as the ribs, ilium, scapula or sternum may also be affected. It rarely occurs in short bones. The main symptom is dull pain. It can change from intermittent to continuous and affect adjacent joints, limiting their movement. Sometimes a lump can be felt locally, but there is no obvious tenderness, and the surrounding skin may be congested, red and hot.

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma usually occurs in adults over 30 years old, and is more common in men. It is most common in the pelvis, followed by the scapula, femur and humerus. The main symptom is the appearance of lumps, the course of the disease is slow, the pain is not obvious, and the surrounding skin is not red or hot. When it is close to the joints, it can cause joint swelling and limited movement. If the nerves are stimulated or compressed, it can cause radiating pain, numbness, etc. Tumors located in the chest and pelvis are generally difficult to detect until they compress the internal organs and produce corresponding symptoms.

Treatment of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma

The most effective method is surgical resection. After a clear diagnosis, local large-scale resection, segmental resection or amputation will be considered according to the specific situation. For most mesenchymal chondrosarcomas, surgical operations should focus on achieving complete local resection. Amputation or joint dissection should be performed for recurrent cases or cases with high primary malignancy and rapid progression. The 5-year survival rates for low-grade, moderate-grade, and severe-grade malignant chondrosarcomas are 78%, 53%, and 22%, respectively.

3. Pathological changes of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma

The main components of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma are neoplastic chondrocytes, calcified cartilage, and endochondral bone. In the main tumor tissue, a small amount of osteoid tissue or small islands of tumor bone can occasionally be seen. In addition, there may be a small amount of myxoid tissue and fibrous tissue. In a few cases, the myxoid tissue increases, and pathologically it is sometimes diagnosed as myxoid sarcoma. Intraocular observation revealed that the bone at the tumor site was slightly swollen, and the surface of the bone cortex was thickened, rough, and concave.