What are the five items in a routine blood test?

When you go to the hospital for a physical examination, a routine blood test is the most basic and essential part of the physical examination. The human blood is composed of two major parts, namely liquid and cells. The cells in the blood mainly include red blood cells, platelets and white blood cells. By checking the parameters of these cells, you can understand the health of the body. The most well-known are the five routine blood tests, which mainly include the following contents.

What are the five items in a routine blood test?

The five important items in a routine blood test are the number of white blood cells, red blood cells, platelets, and hemoglobin. and the ratio of lymphocytes to neutrophils in white blood cells.

A routine blood test mainly looks at the results of WBC, RBC, HGB, and PLT. If these four values ​​are within the normal range and there are no symptoms, there is generally no problem.

Clinically, the main symptoms of hyperthyroidism patients are: palpitations, tachycardia, heat intolerance, sweating, increased appetite, emaciation, weight loss, fatigue, irritability, irritability, insomnia, lack of concentration, bulging eyes, trembling hands and tongue, goiter or enlargement, menstrual disorders or even amenorrhea in women, and impotence or breast development in men.

Inspection process:

Venous blood sampling usually uses superficial veins located on the body surface, usually the elbow vein, the back of the hand vein, the medial ankle vein or the femoral vein. The antecubital vein is the preferred blood collection site for most people (except infants and young children). The blood vessels here are generally more obvious, the pain is less severe, and the operation is convenient and easy. In children, blood can be drawn from the external jugular vein. The femoral vein is selected next.

method:

(1) Prepare all the necessary materials, label the specimen containers, and after verifying that they are correct, explain the procedures to the patient to gain their cooperation. Expose the patient's arm, select a vein, tie a tourniquet about 4-6 cm above the venous puncture site, and ask the patient to clench his fist to make the vein full and visible.

(2) Disinfect the skin routinely and wait for it to dry.

(3) Below the puncture site, use the left thumb to tighten the skin and fix the vein. Hold the syringe in the right hand with the needle beveled upward at an angle of 15 to 30 degrees to the skin. Insert the needle into the subcutaneous tissue above or beside the vein. Then insert the needle into the vein along the direction of the vein. After seeing the blood return, slightly flatten the needle and move it slightly forward to fix it. When the required amount of blood is drawn, loosen the tourniquet, ask the patient to relax his fist, press the puncture point with a dry cotton swab, quickly remove the needle, and flex the patient's forearm for a moment.

(4) Remove the needle and slowly inject the blood into the container along the tube wall. Do not inject the foam to avoid hemolysis. When glass beads are placed in the container, it should be shaken quickly to remove fibrinogen; if it is an anticoagulant test tube, it should be rotated and rubbed in both hands to prevent coagulation; if it is a dry test tube, it should not be shaken; if it is a liquid culture medium, the blood and culture fluid should be mixed evenly, and the bottle mouth should be disinfected with flame before and after the blood is injected into the culture bottle, and be careful not to let the bottle stopper contact the blood.

The amount of blood drawn is determined by the content of the test and the number of items, and is generally around 5 ml.