What is the cause of the red, swollen and painful anus

Some patients find that they have friction pain and burning sensation around the anus when walking. When they go to the hospital for a physical examination, they will find that there are small red spots from the anus to the testicles, and some redness, swelling, heat and pain around the anus. Clinically, anal swelling and pain refers to pain in the anus and around the anorectum. So what causes anal pain? What diseases can cause anal pain?

Ten diseases that cause anal swelling and pain:

1. The pain caused by anal fissure is cyclical and often occurs during or after defecation. It is mainly caused by irritation from feces and expansion of the ulcer fissure. The pain is paroxysmal burning or knife-like pain and can last for several minutes; the pain subsides after the stool passes.

2. Anal sinusitis generally presents with slight pain and heaviness in the anus. During defecation, the stool presses on the inflamed anal sinus, causing burning pain in the anus. If the sphincter contracts due to stimulation, the pain will intensify and radiate to the buttocks and posterior thigh. It is often accompanied by a small amount of purulent or mucous secretion with a foul odor, which may cause moisture, itching and other discomforts around the anus over time.

3. Thrombosed external hemorrhoids

In mild cases, there is a foreign body sensation, often accompanied by bloating and pain. Due to damage to the perianal veins, blood clots form thrombi, and purple round hard nodules appear under the outer skin of the anus, usually at 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock in the lithotomy position.

4. The main symptom of perianal abscess is distension and pain, and the pain is like chicken pecking when pus forms.

5. The main symptoms of incarcerated internal hemorrhoids are distension and burning pain. They are mostly caused by varicose veins, damaged blood vessels, and thrombosis, which result in restricted tissue circulation and prolapse out of the anus and cannot be retracted. It is common in stage II and III internal hemorrhoids. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce or surgically treat the tumor as soon as possible, otherwise the surface mucosa will easily bleed, be damaged, or even become infected.

6. The main symptoms of external hemorrhoid edema are swelling and burning pain, which manifests as a localized lump at the edge of the anus. It is hard, smooth, shiny and obviously tender. It is mostly caused by fatigue, straining during defecation, or surgical stimulation.

7. There is no pain in the early stage of rectal cancer. Later, as the tumor grows and ruptures, the anus may feel heavy and painful. Common symptoms include changes in bowel habits, bloody stools, abdominal distension, abdominal pain, and weight loss. If the patient has the above symptoms, he should seek diagnosis and treatment from a specialist in time.

8. Anal foreign body injuries are mostly caused by external foreign body residues or improper diet, fish bones, and bone fragments embedded in the anal canal and rectum. Therefore, you need to ask a doctor to check carefully and remove the foreign body, and the pain will be relieved. If the retention time is too long, it may cause local infection.

9. Anorectal neurosis: pudendal nerve syndrome, rectal inflammation, etc. can all cause anorectal pain, which requires clinical attention and differentiation.

10. Perianal herpes simplex and sexually transmitted diseases in the anorectal area caused by viral infection.