Hemorrhagic infarction often occurs in

Hemorrhagic infarction is a relatively serious organ disease that often occurs in the brain, heart and other parts of the human body. Organ hemorrhagic infarction refers to a phenomenon in which the blood vessels of an organ are severely blocked, resulting in blood vessel rupture and bleeding. The damage to the organ is very serious and may even cause complete loss of organ function, thus affecting the body's normal activities. So, under what conditions does hemorrhagic infarction often occur?

Hemorrhagic infarction Hemorrhagic infarction occurs under the following conditions:

(1) Severe congestion: When an organ has severe congestion, the infarction caused by vascular obstruction is hemorrhagic rather than anemic. For example, when an ovarian tumor torses the ovarian pedicle, venous return is blocked and arterial blood supply stops, causing the ovarian tumor tissue to necrotize. At the same time, blood leaks from the congested capillaries, forming a hemorrhagic infarction. Pulmonary infarction often occurs when the patient already has left ventricular decompensation. At this time, pulmonary congestion is the cause of bleeding in the infarct focus.

(2) Loose tissue: The tissues of the intestine and lung are relatively loose, and a large amount of bleeding can be tolerated in the interstitial space at the beginning of the infarction. When the tissue necrotizes and swells, the leaked blood cannot be squeezed out of the infarction focus, so the infarction focus is hemorrhagic. However, if the lungs first consolidate due to pneumonia, the resulting pulmonary infarction is generally anemic rather than hemorrhagic.

It should be pointed out that the prerequisite for pulmonary infarction is the existence of pulmonary congestion. This is because the lungs have a dual blood supply from the pulmonary artery and bronchial artery, and there are abundant anastomoses between the two. Under the condition of normal pulmonary circulation, embolism of the pulmonary artery branches will not cause infarction, because the bronchial arteries can supply blood to the lung tissue in that area with the help of the anastomotic branches. However, if there is already congestion in the lungs, resulting in increased pulmonary venous pressure, when the pulmonary artery branches are embolized, the pressure of the bronchial artery alone is not enough to overcome the local pulmonary venous resistance, and local lung tissue will suffer infarction. This is why pulmonary infarction is common in mitral valve disease and is hemorrhagic.

Hemorrhagic infarction of the lung is a cone-shaped lesion with its base against the pleura and its tip pointing to the hilum of the lung. It is dark red in color, and the microscopic structure of the hemorrhagic infarction tissue is tissue necrosis accompanied by diffuse hemorrhage.

Hemorrhagic infarction also often occurs in the intestine. Intussusception, intestinal torsion, and incarcerated hernia can all cause hemorrhagic infarction of local intestinal segments, and the intestinal segment appears dark red to the naked eye.

Infarction can be divided into septic infarction and simple, non-infectious infarction according to the presence or absence of bacterial infection. The embolus of the former contains bacteria, so there is bacterial infection in the infarct focus. In acute bacterial endocarditis, embolic abscesses may occur when bacteria-containing emboli detached from heart valves cause embolism.