Diagnostic methods for bone tumors

There is generally no obvious functional impairment in the early stages of bone tumors. In the late stages of benign bone tumors, some may have functional impairment after pathological fractures or malignant lesions occur. Bone tumors close to joints may have functional impairment as the tumor develops. Malignant bone tumors develop rapidly and may have functional impairment to varying degrees. The following introduces the diagnosis methods of bone tumors.

Diagnosis of bone tumors:

1. Laboratory examination: The blood, urine and bone marrow examinations of patients with benign bone tumors are generally normal. Malignant bone tumors may have an accelerated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, and most patients in the late stage will have anemia. 40% to 60% of myeloma patients may have Bence-Jones proteinuria.

2. Myeloma cells can be seen in bone marrow puncture, and their number exceeds 5% to 10%. When the number exceeds 20%, atypical plasma cells are also seen, and the plasma cells are in small clusters. Osteosarcoma and osteoblastic metastasis form a large amount of new bone, so the alkaline phosphatase value increases.

3. X-ray examination: X-ray examination is an important means of diagnosing bone tumors, and the examination results are an important basis for diagnosis. Generally speaking, the shadows of benign bone tumors are relatively regular, with uniform density, neat outer boundaries, clear contours, no reactive shadows in the periosteum, and no shadows in the soft tissue. The thinning and expansion of the osteolytic bone cortex is a characteristic of benign bone tumors; the shadows of malignant bone tumors are mostly irregular, with uneven density, irregular boundaries, unclear contours, and irregular destruction of the bone cortex.

4. There are no signs of expansion, but there is usually periosteal reaction. Periosteal reaction is a characteristic of malignant bone tumors, which can appear as Codman's triangle shadow or onion-skin shadow and radial shadow, and there are swelling shadows in the soft tissue.

This is an introduction to the diagnostic methods of bone tumors. I hope the above content can be helpful to you. If you have any other questions, please consult an online expert.

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