Tumor marker detection for pancreatic cancer

Pancreatic cancer tumor marker detection

(1) CA19-9: It is a sugar antigen and a mononucleotide ganglioside. It exists in normal pancreatic duct epithelium and small glandular epithelium. There is a high concentration of CA19-9 in tumor tissues such as pancreatic cancer, gastric cancer and colon cancer. It has little diagnostic value for early pancreatic cancer. The positive rate for small pancreatic cancer with a diameter of less than 2 cm is only 30%-40%, while it can reach 80%-90% in the advanced stage. Serum CA19-9 determination is of certain significance in monitoring the treatment effect of pancreatic cancer. When the treatment is effective, the CA19-9 concentration decreases, even to normal. On the contrary, the serum CA19-9 concentration remains unchanged or increases as the disease progresses. Serum CA19-9 determination is of great significance for the recurrence and metastasis of pancreatic cancer. The survival time of patients whose serum CA19-9 concentration returns to normal after surgery is significantly longer than that of patients whose serum CA19-9 concentration does not return to normal.

(2) c-Ki-ras oncogene mutation detection: The vast majority of pancreatic cancers originate from pancreatic ductal epithelial cells. Therefore, some proliferating ductal epithelial carcinoma nest cells can fall off and enter the pancreatic juice. c-Ki-ras oncogene mutations appear in the early stages of pancreatic cancer. Clinically, pancreatic juice collected by ERCP and other methods is centrifuged, and c-Ki-ras oncogene mutation analysis is performed using PCR amplification technology and direct sequencing technology, which is helpful for early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.